Sudeste

Ilha Grande

All of Brazil, within reach.

AirportsGIG · SDU
RegionSudeste
StateRio de Janeiro
TimezoneUTC-3 (Brasília Time)
Rio de Janeiro flag
Rio de Janeiro
Blue and white quarters with the state coat of arms at the centre, showing an eagle above the Dedo de Deus peak of the Serra dos Órgãos, framed by sugarcane and coffee branches that recall the agricultural economy. Rooted in a 19th-century provincial standard, it was formalised by State Law 5,588 of 1965.
Overview

About Ilha Grande

Ilha Grande is a mountainous island of 193 km² in the bay of the same name, part of the municipality of Angra dos Reis and the largest island of Rio de Janeiro state. Covered in Atlantic Forest and rising to 1,031 m at the Pico da Pedra d'Água, it has no roads for private cars and is reached only by boat. Some 5,000 people live on the island, most of them in Vila do Abraão, the main village and ferry landing, with smaller communities around its coves. For almost a century the island was largely closed to visitors, first by the imperial quarantine station built at the Lazareto in the 1880s and then by penal colonies at Dois Rios, the last of which was imploded in 1994. That isolation helped preserve its forest: about 87% of the island now lies in protected areas, including Ilha Grande State Park and the Praia do Sul Biological Reserve, both components of the UNESCO World Heritage site Paraty and Ilha Grande, Culture and Biodiversity, inscribed in 2019 as Brazil's first mixed natural and cultural property. For agencies, Ilha Grande suits active FIT travellers, young groups, nature and hiking programs, and couples seeking a rustic island stay, with more than 150 km of trails and boat tours around beaches and snorkelling spots. It works as a two to four night extension from Rio or Paraty, or as an add-on to a resort stay in Angra dos Reis across the bay. Honest logistics: from Rio, clients drive to one of three piers, Conceição de Jacareí (about 135 km), Angra dos Reis (about 150 km) or Mangaratiba (about 100 km), then cross by fast boat in 15 to 30 minutes or by ferry in about 1 hour 10 to 1 hour 30. Cars stay in paid parking on the mainland, so luggage should be light and porters arranged in Abraão. Accommodation is dominated by pousadas rather than large hotels, which limits big groups and MICE. Trails such as the walk to Lopes Mendes take about 2 hours each way and some are steep, and sea crossings can be rough in bad weather.

GIG

Aeroporto Internacional do Rio de Janeiro/Galeão, Antonio Carlos Jobim

SBGL · About 20 km north of downtown Rio; the Conceição de Jacareí pier lies about 135 km and Angra dos Reis about 150 km from Rio by road

Rio's main international gateway, with runways of 4,000 m and 3,180 m and the widest choice of long-haul and domestic flights.

SDU

Aeroporto Santos Dumont, Rio de Janeiro

SBRJ · In central Rio de Janeiro; the Mangaratiba ferry pier lies about 100 km by road

Domestic airport next to Rio's financial centre, with an annual passenger cap and night closure from 23:00 to 06:00; convenient for connections from other Brazilian cities.

History

How Ilha Grande came to be

Sourced milestones your team can use for guest briefings and storytelling, not filler copy.

01
1884
The imperial government buys the Fazenda do Holandês and the Fazenda de Dois Rios and starts building a quarantine station, the Lazareto.
02
1886
The Lazareto opens to quarantine ship passengers and immigrants, particularly against cholera.
03
1903
A first penal colony for common prisoners is established near the village of Dois Rios.
04
1913
The Lazareto is deactivated after handling 4,232 vessels.
05
1940
The former Lazareto becomes the Colônia Penal Cândido Mendes, also holding political prisoners transferred from Fernando de Noronha.
06
1971
Ilha Grande State Park is created by state decree, initially with 4,330 hectares.
07
1994
The Instituto Penal Cândido Mendes at Dois Rios is deactivated and imploded, opening the island to tourism.
08
2007
The state park is expanded to about 12,000 hectares, around 62.5% of the island.
09
2019
On 5 July UNESCO inscribes Paraty and Ilha Grande, Culture and Biodiversity on the World Heritage List.
Good to know

Curiosities & practical notes

✓At 193 km², Ilha Grande is the largest island of Rio de Janeiro state and the sixth largest maritime island in Brazil.
✓Its highest point is the Pico da Pedra d'Água at 1,031 m; the better known Pico do Papagaio is slightly lower.
✓No private cars are allowed; the island is reached only by boat, and its network of trails exceeds 150 km.
✓Together, Ilha Grande State Park, the Praia do Sul Biological Reserve and the Aventureiro Sustainable Development Reserve protect about 87% of the island.
✓Between 1886 and 1913 the Lazareto quarantine station handled 4,232 vessels, disinfecting 3,367 of them.
✓The writer Graciliano Ramos was among the political prisoners held on the island.
✓The criminal faction that became the Comando Vermelho originated among inmates of the Instituto Penal Cândido Mendes in the 1970s.
✓Since 2009 the prison's archives have been part of the Museu do Cárcere, run by the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in Vila Dois Rios.
✓Scallops (Nodipecten nodosus) have been farmed commercially at Praia dos Meros, at the southern tip of the island, since around 2004.
✓Paraty and Ilha Grande was Brazil's first mixed World Heritage site, recognised for both culture and biodiversity.
Gastronomy

What's on the table

01

Peixe com banana

Fish cooked with banana, described locally as the island's typical caiçara dish.

02

Vieiras da Ilha Grande

Scallops farmed in the clean waters off the southern tip of the island and supplied to restaurants in Rio de Janeiro and beyond.

03

Caldeirada

A seafood stew of fish, shrimp and squid in a tomato broth, often shared at beachfront restaurants.

04

Moqueca

Fish or seafood stewed with coconut milk, tomato and peppers.

05

Peixe frito

Fresh fish, often bought directly from local fishermen, simply fried and served at beachfront restaurants.

Landmarks

What there is to see

Marked where a site carries UNESCO World Heritage status directly, versus a locally or nationally protected landmark.

UNESCO

Parque Estadual da Ilha Grande

The state park created in 1971 and expanded in 2007, covering about 62.5% of the island with forest, beaches and historic ruins.

UNESCO

Praia de Lopes Mendes

One of the island's best known beaches, inside the state park, about a 2-hour hike from Abraão.

UNESCO

Aqueduto and Lazareto ruins

Remains of the imperial quarantine station of the 1880s near Abraão, including its aqueduct, inside the state park.

UNESCO

Praia de Dois Rios and the prison ruins

An ocean-side beach inside the state park with the ruins of the former penal colonies; the Museu do Cárcere is in the adjacent Vila Dois Rios.

UNESCO

Reserva Biológica da Praia do Sul

A strict biological reserve created in 1981 on the island's southern coast, where public visitation is restricted, and a component of the UNESCO property.

Landmark

Vila do Abraão

The island's main village and ferry landing, with most of the pousadas, restaurants and boat operators.

Landmark

Praia do Aventureiro

A remote beach and traditional community on the ocean side, inside the Aventureiro Sustainable Development Reserve created in 2014.

For DMC partners

What else we brief agencies on

This is what we prepare for every RFP, whether or not it's published on this page yet:

On request for every proposal

  • Best season / weather windows and blackout dates for groups & MICE
  • Permit and quota logistics for regulated attractions, lead time and group-size caps
  • Accessibility notes and physical-difficulty ratings per activity
  • Vetted ground partners, guides and transport already used on past programs
  • Sustainability / certification credentials relevant to client RFPs, where they genuinely exist
  • Real, checked room and vehicle availability for your travel dates, not a generic quote
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