State · CE · Region Northeast

Ceará

A dune-and-lagoon coast anchored by Fortaleza's air hub and Jericoacoara, with a pilgrimage and fossil-rich interior. Strong for beach FIT and the Rota das Emoções.

Flag of Ceará
FortalezaCapital
3Destinations
3Airports
Ceará
Key figures
Area148,894 km²IBGE, 2025
Population8.79 millionIBGE Census, 2022
BiomeCaatinga (predominant in every municipality)IBGE, 2024
UNESCO Global GeoparkAraripeUNESCO, 2015

The state

Ceará is the Northeast's great dune coast: a long, bright shoreline of shifting sand, freshwater lagoons, red cliffs and fishing villages where jangada rafts still work the water. Fortaleza, a large and modern capital, anchors the state with beachfront hotels, a lively food scene and the Dragão do Mar cultural centre. To the west lies Jericoacoara, a sandy village inside a national park, and beyond it the Rota das Emoções towards Piauí and Maranhão; to the east, the cliffs of Canoa Quebrada. The interior is semi-arid sertão, broken by cooler green hills such as Guaramiranga and by the Cariri region in the south, home to the pilgrimage city of Juazeiro do Norte and the Araripe fossil beds.

For agencies, Ceará suits beach FIT and honeymoons, active programmes built on dunes and lagoons, and incentive or conference groups using Fortaleza's hotel base. Fortaleza's airport is one of the Northeast's main hubs, and Jericoacoara has its own regional airport, which shortens what is otherwise a long road and 4x4 transfer. Rain is concentrated from January to July, peaking in March and April, while August to December is reliably dry.

When to go

Rain falls mainly from January to July, heaviest in March and April. August to December is the dry season and the most dependable window for the coast.

Timeline

  1. 1603

    Pero Coelho de Sousa leads the first Portuguese settlement attempt in Ceará.

  2. 1649

    The Dutch open Fort Schoonenborch, the origin of Fortaleza.

  3. 1654

    After the Dutch withdrawal, the Portuguese rename the fort Fortaleza de Nossa Senhora da Assunção.

  4. 1726

    Fortaleza is elevated to the status of vila (town).

  5. 1799

    Fortaleza becomes the capital of Ceará.

  6. 1884

    On 25 March, Ceará becomes the first Brazilian province to abolish slavery, four years before the rest of the country.

  7. 2002

    Jericoacoara National Park is created, succeeding a state protected area established in 1984.

  8. 2006

    Araripe becomes the first Brazilian geopark admitted to the Global Geoparks Network, later designated a UNESCO Global Geopark in 2015.

Landmarks

Jericoacoara National Park

Dunes, lagoons and the Pedra Furada rock arch around the sandy village of Jericoacoara.

Canoa Quebrada

A beach village east of Fortaleza framed by cliffs and dunes.

Cumbuco

A beach, dune and lagoon area just west of Fortaleza, easy to combine with a city stay.

Dragão do Mar Center of Art and Culture

Fortaleza's main cultural complex, with museums and performance spaces near the Praia de Iracema seafront.

Ubajara National Park

A small highland park with a limestone cave, forest trails and waterfalls.

Araripe UNESCO Global Geopark

Fossil sites and geological landscapes across the Cariri region in southern Ceará.

Juazeiro do Norte

A pilgrimage city built around the legacy of Padre Cícero.

Festivals and events

Fortal

Fortaleza's out-of-season carnival, held in July.

Juazeiro do Norte pilgrimages

Mass pilgrimages to Padre Cícero's city, with the main one every November.

Festas Juninas

June celebrations of São João with quadrilha dances and forró across the state.

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