State · MS · Region Midwest

Mato Grosso do Sul

Bonito's crystal-clear rivers and caves plus the southern Pantanal, in a well-organised, voucher-based destination ideal for FIT, families and nature groups.

Flag of Mato Grosso do Sul
Campo GrandeCapital
2Destinations
3Airports
Mato Grosso do Sul
Key figures
Area357,142 km²IBGE, 2025
Population2.76 millionIBGE Census, 2022
Indigenous population116,400 (3rd largest among states)IBGE Census, 2022
BiomesCerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic ForestIBGE, 2019

The state

Mato Grosso do Sul was created in 1977 from the southern half of Mato Grosso and remains one of Brazil's youngest states. It combines the southern Pantanal, the limestone Serra da Bodoquena with its springs and caves, and wide Cerrado farmland. Its culture is shaped by the Paraguayan and Bolivian borders, by one of the country's largest Indigenous populations, including Guarani-Kaiowá and Terena communities, and by settlers from Okinawa and other parts of Brazil. You feel it in chamamé and polca music, in the shared ritual of iced tereré and in Campo Grande's famous sobá noodle soup.

For agencies, Bonito is the anchor: snorkel floating in transparent rivers, cave visits and sinkholes, operated through accredited local guides and controlled visitor numbers, which makes it reliable for families, FIT and incentive groups. It combines well with fazenda lodges in the southern Pantanal, reached from Campo Grande or Corumbá, and with Campo Grande's Bioparque Pantanal. Logistics note: the state runs one hour behind Brasília, attractions in Bonito require advance vouchers, and road transfers between Campo Grande, Bonito and the Pantanal are long, so direct flights to Bonito help shorter programs.

When to go

Bonito operates year-round; the Gruta do Lago Azul shows its most intense blue from September to February. For the Pantanal, the dry season from about July to October is best for wildlife, while from roughly December to May the plains flood.

Timeline

  1. 1864-1870

    The Paraguayan War brings invasion to the south of the then province of Mato Grosso.

  2. 1867

    The Retreat of Laguna, a harrowing withdrawal of Brazilian troops, is later immortalised in the account by Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay.

  3. 1899

    Campo Grande, founded as a small farming village in the 1870s, is officially recognised as a municipality.

  4. Early 1900s

    The Noroeste do Brasil railway links the region to São Paulo and the Bolivian border at Corumbá, ending its isolation.

  5. 1977

    Complementary Law 31 of 11 October creates Mato Grosso do Sul by dividing Mato Grosso.

  6. 1979

    The new state is formally installed on 1 January, with Campo Grande as its capital.

  7. 2000

    Serra da Bodoquena National Park is created and the Pantanal Conservation Area is inscribed by UNESCO.

Landmarks

Gruta do Lago Azul

Limestone cave near Bonito with a vivid blue underground lake, protected by IPHAN since 1978.

Serra da Bodoquena National Park

Karst uplands and forests created in 2000, the source of the clear rivers of the Bonito region.

Buraco das Araras

Giant sinkhole in Jardim protected as a private reserve, with macaws and abundant birdlife.

Rio da Prata

Private reserve near Jardim known for snorkel floating in exceptionally clear spring water.

Pantanal Conservation Area UNESCO

UNESCO-listed cluster of protected wetlands straddling Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul.

Casario do Porto, Corumbá

Historic riverside warehouses and mansions on the Paraguay River, listed as heritage in 1993.

Bioparque Pantanal

Large freshwater aquarium and research centre in Campo Grande, dedicated to Pantanal and world river fauna.

Festivals and events

Banho de São João, Corumbá and Ladário

On the night of 23 to 24 June, devotees carry images of Saint John in procession to be bathed in the Paraguay River; registered as Brazilian cultural heritage in 2021.

Festival de Inverno de Bonito

Annual arts and music festival held in the southern winter by the state culture foundation and the town of Bonito; the 2026 edition ran from 26 to 30 August.

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